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(No Model.) 7 Sheets-Sheet 1. S; HOLDSWORTH.

JAGQUARD APPARATUS.

No; 412,755. Patented 0013415, 1889.

(No Model.)

7 Sheets-Sheet 2.

Patented Oct. 15, 1889.

mia nur. Washington. D. c

s. HOLDSWORTH.

JAGQUARD APPARATUS.

7 Sheets-Sheet 3.

(No Model.

A s. HOLDSWDRTH.

JAOQUARD APPARATUS.

No. 412,755. Patented Oct. 15, 1889.

7 Sheets-Sheet}.

Patented Oct. 15, 1889.

S. HO LDSWORTH.

JAOQUARD APPARATUS (No Model.) I

' 7 Sheeti-Sheet 5.

1? LI. H U R M W M V". a P m m m u M m S A in" h LL. TD-H. M Q U V v lhifil m hm fink H. W m m H Q n G S M (No Model.)

7 Sheets-Sheet 6.

Patented Oct. 15

s. HOLDS WORTH.

JAGQUARD APPARATUS.

FiglQ (No Model.)

2 UNIT D STATES PATENT FFICE.

SAMUEL HOLDSWORTH, OF DURHAM, ENGLAND.

JACQUARD APPARATUS.

SPECIFICATION formingpart of Letters Patent No. 412,755, dated October 15, 1889. Application filed September 6, 1888- Serial No. 284,682. (No model.) Patented in England September 28, 1887, No. 13,155.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, SAMUEL I-IoLDswoRrH,

' gentleman, a subject of the Queen of Great Britain, residing at Western Hill, in the city of Durham, England, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Jacquard Apparatus, (patented in Great Britain September 28, 1887 No. 13,155,) of which the following is a specification.

The improvements have reference to apparatus employed in weaving carpets and other woven figured fabrics.

My invention relates to the apparatus used in operating with Jacquard cards, such as are used in forming and controlling the pattern effected by the jacquard in the manufacture of Brussels carpets and Other fabrics.

In Jacquard apparatus as at present employed the needles. are arranged in sets, and my invention is applicable to jacquards having the needles so arranged.

For the purpose of elucidating the working only and not as confining in any way the range of application of my invention I will describe an arrangement as for a five-frame Brussels carpet, although the apparatus shown is adapted, by merely increasing the number of needles and parts connected, to serve for a six-frame loom, it being clearly to be understood that for other descriptions of goods provision would be made for any variation required. In connection with the accompanying drawings, I have described such a five-frame carpet-loom jacquard. Briefly described, such a jacquard has a number of vertical rows of needles, each row having, for example, say, eight needles. The first and fifth needles control cords for operating the warps of the first frame; the second and sixth needles control cords for operating the warps of the second frame; the third and seventh needles control cords for operating the warps of the third frame, and the fourth and eighth needles control cords for operating the warps of the fourth frame. The cords of the warps belonging to the first, second, third, and fourth frames pass through the usual eyes of the needles. Each needle has, in addition to its usual eye, a loop, and through the loops of each set of four needles passes a cord for operating the warps of the fifth frame. for the cords of frames one to four face in one direction, while those for the cords of the fifth frame face in the opposite direction. By this means, whenever one of the cords'of the first four frames is pushed into the narrow part of its slot, the cord of the fifth frame connected with this corresponding set of four needles is pushed into the wide part of its slot, and when none of the four needles are operated the trap-board lifts the fifth frame. This arrangement and its mode of operation are well understood in the art, and do not need extended explanation.

In practice I find it convenient to reverse the order of stamping the Jacquard cards from that which is at present usually employed-that is to say, and as more clearly explained hereinafter, I stamp holes in the cards where, as they are at present made, the blanks are located, and I leave the blanks where, as at present made, the holes are placed, whereby advantages in economy of cards, as will be hereinafter explained, are attained.

In the accompanying drawings, Figures 1 and 1*, Sheet 1, constitute a side View (a portion being broken away) of my improved jacquard, with as much of the loom shown as is necessary to illustrate the working of the various parts constituting my invention. Fig. 1, Sheet 3, is a fragmentary View of one end of the apparatus. Fig. 2, Sheet 2, is a plan view f of the devices shown in Fig. 1, the comber-board and other portions being omitted for the sake of clearness. Fig. 2, Sheet 2, is a plan view of the arm for supporting the vertical slides. Fig. 3, Sheet 1, is a plan View of part of the comber-board and parts co-operating therewith shown in Fig. 1*. Fig. 4, Sheet 3, is a front view of Fig. 1. Fig. 5, Sheet 4:, is a sectional view showing the arran gement of the needles and cords and other parts of the apparatus, particularly to indicate the manner in which the needles are operated by the cylinder in order to effect the selection of the threads. Fig. 6, Sheet 4, is a cross-section, and Fig. 7, same sheet, is a plan view, respectively, of a portion of the trapboard 1) drawn to a larger scale. Fig. 8, Sheet 5, is a cross-section about the line 2 2 of Fig. 4, d "awn (as are also the succeeding views, Figs. 9

The key-hole slots in the trap-board IOC to 25, showing various details of the preceding figures) to a larger scale in order better to illustrate construction. Fig. 9, Sheet 6, is a front view of Fig. 8. Fig. 10, same sheet, is a plan view of Fig. 8. Fig. 11, Sheet 5, is a front view of the plates 1' and their supporting-brackets 1', shown in Fig. 8. Fig. 12, same sheet, is a plan view of the plate 7?, bracket 1", and a plate 1;. Figs. 13, 14:, and 15, same sheet, show, respectively, a cross-section, a plan view, and a front view of one of the plates 2' separately. Figs. 16, 17, and 18, same sheet, show, respectively, a side view, a rear view, and a plan view of one of the brackets i. Fig. 19, Sheet 7, shows a crosssectional view of the grid and needles g, 5. Fig. 20, same sheet, is a plan view of a needle g. Figs. 21 and 22, same sheet, are respectively a front view and a plan view of the grid g and its supports. Fig. 23, Sheet 5, shows a modification of a detail shown in Fig. 8, in that the plates 1' are inverted, as hereinafterdescribed. Figs. 24 and 25, Sheet 2, show, respectively, a plan view of a modification intended to enable my invention to be fitted to needle mechanism of the ordinary description. Figs. 26, 27, and 28, Sheet 5, show details. Figs. 29 and 30 illustrate plan and edge views, respectively, of plates '2; when made with notches for needles in their lips.

A is the main framing supporting the parts of the jacquard, applied above the loom on cross-beams, substantially in usual manner. a isthe rod which transmits motion from the loom, and this rod is adjustably connected in the ordinary way to the arm a by a pin capable of being inserted in any one of a series of holes in arm a. This arm a is affixed on the shaft 17, which operates the trap-board b, by means of arms b and links b, as shown in Fig. 51

As will be seen in Figs. 6 and 7, the slots 12 in the trap-board b have their wide portions at the right-hand side thereof, while the slots b have their wide portions at the lefthand side thereof. On the arm a is mounted a truck or bowl c (see also Figs. 2 and 4,) which, as the rod a rises and falls, runs up and down on the cam-course formed on the arm 0, aflixed to the shaft 0, thus rockingthe shaft 0, which also carries arms 0 0 which, by pins (1 d, projecting from the slides d (1, give a forward motion to these slides, thereby operating the horizontal needles, as will be more fully described. A spring d hasa constant tendency to pull the slides d (1' back when released, after they have been pushed forward by the arm 0 e is a rod through the motion of which the card-cylinder is rotated. This rod e may be worked in the ordinary manner by being continued down, so as to be actuated by the main shaft; but the method shown in Figs. 1, 1*, and 3, whereby this shaft 6 is, at its lower end e e adjustably connected to parts so as to be actuated from the comber-board, as hereinafter more particularly described, is generally to be preferred. According to this latter arrangement (see Figs. 1* and 3) the comberboard f has affixed to it a truck f, carried in bearings f and when the board is lifted this truck f runs on the eam-coursef formed on an arm f keyed to one end of a short axis f carried by a bracket f secured to the framing B of the loom. To the other end of this axis f is keyed an arm f which is connected by pin-joint to the rod e. 1 is the coupling for adjusting the length of rod e. The motion of the eomber-board f is thus transmitted to the rod 6, causing it to rise and fall accordingly. As the rod e is raised it lifts the arm 6, to which it is connected. This arm a is afiixed to the shaft 6 to which are also rigidly secured the arms e a connected by pin-joints to the slides e 6. The arm 6', being raised by the rod 6, partially rotates the shaft 6 and thus the slides e e are caused to descend, carrying with them the card-cylinder e", the bearings for whose axis e they form,

e is a weight applied at the end of the arm 8', the movement of which arm 2 is adjusted by set-screw e regulating the distance of fall of the weight. By this weighte the weight of the slides 6 a the cylinder (2 and the other parts is counterbalanced.

From each end of the card-cylinder project short pins e in the usual manner. The slides e 6, being pressed downward, cause certain of the pins 6" to bear against the catch a, and consequently effect the rotation of the cylinder c in the direction of the arrow, Fig. 1. The catch e is constantly borne against the pins e by springs e aflixed to the main framing A. The forked part 6 effects the squaring of the cylinder after each partial rotation.

The means for effecting the selections of the various threads required for the pattern being worked is shown by Fig. 5. In describing this arrangement it is assumed that cards punched with holes only where a needle is not to be raised are in use; but the ordinary cards may be used, if desired, as will be explained. Thehorizontal needles 9 in this arrangement are the same as those at present in use, except that they are made longer at their front ends. Their rear ends pass through the grate g and are secured in the usual manner by pins 9 passing through loops g,Fig. 20,Sheet 7, formed at their ends, as more clearly shown in the detail View, Fig. 19. At or about their center the needles 9 pass through the perforated plate g, Fig. 5, as isusual. At right angles to theneedles g are other needles h, held in vertical position by a grate h and pins 7L2 in a corresponding manner to .the needles g, Fig. 8, Sheet 5. The lower ends of the needles 7L pass through the perforated needle-plate 7L3, carried by arms from the main framing A. These needles h, each having formed 011 it an eye h, are supported in a position correctly over the cylinder a, so that their lower ends, passing through the needle-plate 7L3, come in contact with the cards on the cylinder e or pass through the perforations in their surface. Through each of the eyes h. on the needles h passes one of the horizontal needles g, so that if one of the vertical needles is raised by its lower end coming in contact with a blank in the card a horizontal needle will be lifted up also, while if the end of 'the vertical needle enters a perforation in the card a needle g will be left in horizontal position or unlifted. Parallelwith the needles g, at the front end thereof, are supported thin metal plates 2', carried in brackets i, affixed to an angle-bar 2' fastened at each of its extremities to the ends of the slide-bars d d. (See also plan, Fig. 2.) The slide-bars d d and angle-bar *3, having the brackets 91 affixed thereto, constitute a carrying-frame or carrier for the metal plates 6. The plates '5 are formed at their front edges each with a lip or flange t turned up at right angles to the plane of the plate, adapted, when required, to catch the end of the selected needles. When a blank part of a card presses against some of the vertical needles h, these needles are lifted, and they lift with them those of the needles 9 that rest in their eyes it. The needles are thereby'raised sufficiently high to clear the lip i on the metal plates 1'. When, therefore, the slides d d" are pulled inward, carrying with them the angleiron 1' with the plates 1 these plates will simply slide under the ends of the unselected needles g, not moving them, but only operating the selected needles, which have been left in the lower position.

Where a perforation in the card is beneath a vertical needle h, that needle will pass through it and into the cylinder, and the corresponding horizontal needle g remains unlifted, so that when the plates 2' slide inward the lips 11 will come in contact with the "unlifted needles "9, and will press them in- I the bracket 11'.

ward, carrying the cords passed through the eyes g thereof into the narrow portions 19 of the corresponding slots in the trap-board, and carrying the cords passing through the loops 9 into the wide portions 12 of their slots. In the drawings, Fig. 5, the first and sixth needles are shown pressed in in this way. Those needles of the series 9 selected to .be pressed inward by the plates '5 (in the case shown the first and sixth) will operate the cords 7', and these will be raised by the trapboard b in the usual well-known manner.

The plates "6 are all easilyremovable from These brackets have horizontal slits cut in them of the thickness of the plates t', and into these slits the plates 7; are slid. Holes 2' i are formed in the plates 2' and brackets t", respectively, and through these pass loosely pins 91.

It will be readily seen from the foregoing description that if one or more of the metal platest' beremoved the needles controlled by these plates will not be moved, and consequentlythe colors operated by the cords passing through the eyes g of these needles will not appear on the surface of the carpet being woven, the color operated by the cords passing through the loops g thereof appearing instead. Thus with any one set of cards, and

without in any way altering the perforations,

a large number of different patterns may be obtained from the same design by simply removing one or more rows of plates ias, for instance, if all the plates t' were removed, all the colors except those controlled by the loops or long eyes 9 of the needles 9 will disappear from the surface of the carpet; or, should it be required to remove, say, every fourth thread of a frame, this may be done by notching or forming dents in the lip of a platez' corresponding to the number of needles not to be worked by that plate. (See Figs. 29 and 30.)

In adapting my improvements to machines at presentin use withneedles got" the ordinary construction I bolt to the perforated plate g Figs. 27 and 28, a grate g, similar in construction to the grates g and h, and through this grate I pass the loops of needles 9 secured by pins 9 These needles g are supported in line with the needles g, and are operated by the vertical needles h and metal plates 1' in a similar manner as were the needles g, as before described. lVhen, therefore, these needles 9 are pressed in by the plates '5, they abut against the needles g, and thus operate the cords to select the threads.

In the modification shown in Fig. 23 the metal plates 2' are placed in an inverted position from the position they occupy in Fig. 8, the lips 11 being here downward, and consequently when a vertical needle h descends into a perforation in the card and cylinder it will carry down with it a needle 9, and will keep this needle clear of the lip lVhen a needle h is raised by a blank on the card, the needle 9 is raised, and, coming in a line with the lip 1 is operated thereby, and a different color is selected.

a is a compensating weight, which I find it convenient to have affixed by a pin a to the outer end a of the arm a,-for.the purpose of counterbalancing the weight of the trapboard I) and other parts; but such is not essential to working of the invention. As here shown, it is, for security, additionally held by having a hook to it, to which is attached a Rearward of the slidesd d is attached a band by angle-irons. This bar is for the purpose of insuring that the needles 9 are pushed back correctly after being operated by the plates 1'. In practice, however, it will be found that the cords j themselves are generally sufficient to pull back the needles 9.

In some casesthrough, forinstance, breaking of the weft-it is required to turn the cardcylinder either backward or forward by hand, and to facilitate this an arm Z (see Fig. 1) is provided, mounted on the shaft e and having at one of its extremities a cord m and at its other extremity a pin P, to which is attached a rod 1*, secured at its other end to a pin Z in an arm 1, which works on a pin Z". The operator pulls the cord m, thus rocking the arm Z, and thereby moves the arm Z causing a truck Z mounted on this arm Z", to act upon the cam-course c on the arm 0, thereby rocking the shaft 0 forward, and also the arms 0 0 the slides 61' d also being pushed in the same direction. The plates 1; thus pushed outward clear the needles g. The pull on the cord m being continued, the arm Z is moved farther over, and its outer end comes in contact with a projection m on the arm c. This arm being thus raised and the slides e pressed down, they bear the pins 6 of the cylinder 6 into one or other of the notched catches e 8, selected according to whether a reverse or forward motion is required. For a reverse motion the cord 6 is pulled, causing catch 6 to press against pin a, catch 0 being pushed outward by connecting-rod c and as the cylinder 6 descends it is caused to rotate in the contrary direction to the direction indicated by the arrow. The catch e is normally held against the pins 6 by spring-pressure in the usual manner, o being the operating-spring.

Grooves n, Fig. 9, are cutin the bottom of the needle-plate to allow the strings which fasten the cards together to enter therein and admit of the cards coming close up against the needle-plate. Grooves in the card-cylinder are also cut to correspond with these grooves in the needle-plate, and portions of the needleplate are in the usual manner cut away to receive the pivots 0 on the cardeylinder surface.

In some cases when employing cards stamped for use in connection with plates i, having the lips i turnedupward, as in Fig. 8, it is desirable to omit from some particular part of the pattern being formed one particular color without changing a whole plate 1.' say, for instance, it be desired to make a stripe or widen a stripe or to make analogous changes in the color. This may be done by inserting under the loop at the top of one or more of the needles 7L a piece of card-board or similar material shaped as shown in Figs. 26 and 27 separately and in Fig. 28 as applied under a wire 7L and resting on a wire 7&2 as a support. A notch in its upper edge is cut out to receive the loop of the needle h, which, resting therein, is held up and prevents the horizontal needle g, with which it operates, from being pushed in by the plate 1;, and so long as this stop-piece remains in position one of the colors which this needle operates will never appear in the pattern.

It will be understood from the foregoing description that the needles of such a fiveframe Brussels carpet Jacquard apparatus as described are placed in sets of four each, and that two sets are placed in aperpendicular row, each of these sets of four needles governing five threads of colored yarn. When in the process of weaving any of the threads of colored yarn from, say, the four top creelframes are required to come to the surface of the fabric in order to form the pattern, any of these four threads are brought up by cards having three out of four holes stamped in them; but when the colored yarn from the remaining creel-frame, usually the bottom creelframe, is required on the surface of the fabric the whole four holes are stamped in the cards. From this it will be seen that never less than three-fourths of each card are filled with holes and very often many of the cards are entirely filled with holes.

In stamping cards I prefer to proceed in a manner the reverse of that at present employed-that is to say, I stamp the holes in the cards where at present the blanks are located therein, and leave blanks in the cards where at present holes are formed therein. I am thus enabled, when I desire, to have two or more distinct patterns stamped on the same cards in cases where such patterns require the use of only three or less than three creelframes of colored yarn. In fact, where for the pattern the employment of a two-frame only is required, four distinct patterns may be stamped on one set of cards. The changes in these cases from one pattern to anotherin weaving is effected by taking out and replacing corresponding numbers of plates z'according to the order of selection of needles required.

As an instance of a series of manipulations of the parts of the apparatus governing the selections of threads which serve to bring about changes of pattern, and merely to indicate some instances of the capacity of apparatus constructed according to myinvention, suppose I take apattern stamped for a fiveframe Brussels carpet, or, in other words, a carpet with five different colors in each open space in the sley and have the cards for this pattern stamped or punched either in the ordinary way or in accordance with the system I employ. It will be seen from the accompanying drawings, Fig. 5, that the harness-cords in pairs are marked, the front two harness-cords Ifor the top frame, the next two II for the second frame, the next two III for the third frame, the next two IV for the fourth frame, and the neXt two V for the bottom frame. It will be seen, also, that if the top and fifth plates tare taken out the color working into the carpet from that top frame cannot appear on the surface of the carpet, (even if the cards be perforated, or otherwise, for it so to do,) but in its place the color working from the bottom frame will appear in its stead. Then if I take the second and sixth plates out the color from the second frame will not appear on the surface of the carpet, but the color working from the bottom frame will appear in its place also. .If I then take out the third and seventh plates, the colorfrom the third frame will not appear on the surface of the carpet, but the color from the bottom frame will appear in its place. If I then take out the remaining two platesviz., the fourth and eighththe color working into the carpet from V the fourth frame will not appear on the surface of the carpet,but the color Working from the bottom frame will appear on the surface instead. When this is done, there will be no pattern on the surface of the carpet, but only a plain ground of one color, and that of the color or colors which are governed by the long eyes in the needles, or, in the case of a planted frame, (that is, a frame with bobbins arranged to carry more than one color of thread,) the carpet will be composed of stripes only. It will be seen that the cards can be worked inthe jacquard in the ordinary way, selecting the various colors by the short needles; but yet when the colors are so selected and the plates t, which would operate the selected colors, are not in their places those colors cannot appear on the surface, but instead the color or colors which are operated by the cards which go through the four long eyes (usually the bottom frame) will appear.

By the preferred plan of stamping four two-frame patterns can be worked from the same cards governed in this way. For instance, take out all the plates 'i, except the first and fifth, which, leave in. These first and fifth plates may operate the top frame, and I stamp holes for the top-frame colors, when required to appear on the surface of the carpet-that is to say, on the first. ,.and fifth line of cards I stamp holes for letting drop the short needles that operate their corresponding long needles for moving the appropriate cords to bring up the corresponding threads in the top frame and leave the cards unperforated when the bottom-frame coloror colors have to appear on the surface of the carpet. For another variation of two-frame pattern putin the plates 2 and 6, which will operate the second frame and perforate the cards for the second frame on the second and sixth line of cards, leaving blanks for the bottom frame; or put in plates 3 and 7 and perforate on the corresponding lines of cards for the third frame, leaving blanks for the bottom-frame color or colors; or put in plates 4 and 8 and stamp on the corresponding lines of the cards for the fourth frame, leaving blanks for the bottom frame. It will be seen from this that the bottom frame gives the second color in each case.

Two three-frame changes of patterns from one set of cards can be effected by leaving the first, second, fifth, and sixth plates in place and stamping on the corresponding lines of the cards for the first and second frame, leaving blanks for the bottom frames,

or leaving the third, fourth, seventh, and eighth plates in their places and stamping on the corresponding lines of the cards for the third and fourth frame, leaving blanks for the bottom frame.

The preferred mode of stamping enables me to reuse old cards by affixing over the holes already existent, but not longer required, paper, so as to produce-a-new blank surface, and then restamping therein the holes as required for their reuse.

- In operation thedistance traversed by the metal plates is a little in excess of that made by the horizontal needles.

Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I claim is 1. The combination, with a set of horizon tal needles, vertical needles for controlling the position of said horizontal needles, and means for presenting a pattern-surface to said vertical needles, of a reciprocating carrier and removable and replaceable plates i carried thereby, substantially as described.

2. The combination, with a set of horizontal needles, vertical needles for controlling the position of said horizontal needles, means for presenting a pattern-surface to said vertical needles, a trap-board having holes therein, with a portion of the said holes formed with their narrow parts on the side of said holes opposite to that on which said narrow parts are formed in the rest of the holes, and harness-cords, said needles having the eyes and loops, as described, of a carrier and removable and replaceable platest' carried thereby, as described.

3. The combination, with a set of horizontal needles, vertical needles for controlling the position of said horizontal needles, means for presenting a pattern-surface to said vertical needles, a trap-board having the holes therein arranged with a portion thereof formed with their narrow parts on the sideof said holes opposite to that on which the said narrow parts are formed in the rest of the holes,

and harness-cords, said needles having the eyes and loops, as described, of a carrier and plates '5 carried thereby and notched or cut away, as described.

4. The combination, with a set of horizontal needles, vertical needles for controlling the position of said horizontal needles, means for presenting a pattern-surface to said vertical needles, a trap-board having the holes therein arranged with a portion thereofformed with their narrow parts on the side of said holes opposite to that on which the said narrow parts are formed in the rest of the holes, and harness-cords, said needles having the eyes and loops, as described, of a carrier and removable and replaceable plates 1 carried thereby and notched or cut away, as de- In testimony whereof I, the said SAMUEL scribed. I V HOLDSWORTH, have hereunto set my hand 5. The combination, with a set of needles this 22d day of August, 1888. g, the supplemental or part needles g ver- 5 tical needles for controlling the position of SAMUEL I'IOLDSVVORTI'I.

said needles 9*, and means for presenting a pattern-surface to said vertical needles, of a Vitn'esses: reciprocating carrier and removable and re- THOMAS HUGH WVILLIAMS, placeable plates 4' carried thereby, substam FRED. GADsBY. xo tially as described. 

